Is it the end of the world as we know it? Are massive changes on the way?
Today we hear so much on the news about major cat 5 hurricanes, of the chart earthquakes, volcano's becoming active and erupting. And don't forget massive tsunamis, cyclones, tornados, drought, flooding, blizzards ice storms, or a major Pole Shift in the making?
World wide disasters global climate change and mass extinction of several species on earth. Is this what we have to look forward to between now and December 21st 2012?
Man can do many things, but can we fix a problem on a mega scale that many believe only a greater power then we hold, or could imagine can undue.
The Mayan 2012 end days, these truths are they real? are we approaching the dark riff. or being suckedinto a black hole?
Will a galactic event or alignment kill us all? Is going green enough to save us all or just a few?
What Could Change The Earths Surface In 2012?
Many today shudder in fear when they hear about a possible asteroid strike.
An impact event is the collision of a large meteoroid, asteroid or comet with the Earth. Impact events have been a plot and background element in science fiction since knowledge of real impacts became established in the scientific mainstream.
Small objects are frequently impacting Earth. There is an inverse relationship between the size of the object and the frequency that such objects hit the earth. Asteroids with a 1 km diameter impact the Earth every 500,000 years on average. Large collisions with five kilometer objects happen approximately once every ten million years. The last known impact of an object of 10 km or more in diameter was the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event 65 million years ago. Asteroids with diameters of 5-10m impact the Earth's atmosphere approximately once per year, with as much energy as Little Boy, the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, approximately 15 kilotonnes of TNT. These ordinarily explode in the upper atmosphere, and most or all of the solids are vaporized. Objects of diameters of over 50 meters strike the Earth approximately once every thousand years, producing explosions comparable to the one observed at Tunguska in 1908.[3] At least one known asteroid with a diameter of over 1 km, (29075) 1950 DA, has a calculated probability of colliding with Earth (in March 2880, with a Torino scale rating of two).
Throughout recorded history, hundreds of minor impact events (and exploding bodies) have been reported, with some occurrences causing deaths, injuries, property damage, or other significant localized consequences.
The last big one was 100 years ago in Siberia, but in such a remote area that no one died.
Could this happen again in 2012 or the near future?
Many think so.
The Earth has gone through periods of abrupt and catastrophic change, some due to the impact of large asteroids and comets on the planet. A few of these impacts may have caused massive climate change and the extinction of large numbers of plant and animal species. The Moon is widely attributed to be the result of a huge impact early in Earth's history. Impact events even earlier in the history of Earth have been credited with creative as well as destructive events; it has been proposed that the water in the Earth's oceans was delivered by impacting comets, and some have suggested that the origins of life may have been influenced by impacting objects bringing organic chemicals or life forms to the Earth's surface, a theory known as exogenesis.
Famed for the accuracy of their astronomy and the sophistication of their measurement of time, the ancient Mayan civilization has been recognized as one of the most important ever to have existed. According to recently decoded stone monuments and manuscripts the Mayans believed a cataclysmic change will affect the planet on 22 December 2012.On this date the fifth great cycle of time which began on August 11th 3113 BCE will come to a violent end. In this comprehensive book, expert author David Douglas presents compelling evidence for the accuracy of the Mayan calendar in predicting major events in world history and examines the latest scientific research that suggests events such as magnetic field changes and solar flares will indeed culminate in 2012; events which could result in catastrophe for our planet. Featuring a step-by-step guide to understanding and decoding the calendar and thought-provoking insights into the wisdom of this ancient culture, "The Mayan Prophecy 2012" is essential reading for our time.
Global dimming is the gradual reduction in the amount of global direct irradiance at the Earth's surface that was observed for several decades after the start of systematic measurements in the 1950s. The effect varies by location, but worldwide it has been estimated to be of the order of a 4% reduction over the three decades from 1960–1990. However, after discounting an anomaly caused by the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991, a very slight reversal in the overall trend has been observed.
It is thought to have been caused by an increase in particulates such as sulphate aerosols in the atmosphere due to human action. The switch from a "global dimming" trend to a "brightening" trend in 1990 happened just as global aerosol levels started to decline.
Global dimming has interfered with the hydrological cycle by reducing evaporation and may have reduced rainfall in some areas. Global dimming also creates a cooling effect that may have partially masked the effect of greenhouse gases on global warming.
Deliberate manipulation of this dimming effect is now being considered as a geoengineering technique to reduce the impact of climate change.
From the sun-scorched sands of the Kalahari to the snake-infested jungles of the Amazon, Les Stroud has made a life of surviving in the harshest—and most remote—regions on Earth.
Now, the creator, producer, and host of the hit television program Survivorman transfers his decades of knowledge and experience to the pages of Survive!, a practical guide that gives everyday readers a no-nonsense look at the real world of survival.
Stroud offers readers the essential skills and tactics necessary to endure in any corner of the globe, along with a wealth of insider information born of his own experiences in the outdoors and unavailable in any other book. Readers will learn:
How to make a survival shelter and why a lean-to is largely a waste of time.
Why survival kits are important, and why you should make your own.
Where to find water and why drinking contaminated water is sometimes warranted.
How to locate and trap small animals and why the notion of tracking and hunting large game is largely a pipe dream.
Whether seasoned in the outdoor arts or new to adventuring, all readers will learn something from Survive!. Stroud's many colorful anecdotes and cut-to-the-chase philosophy not only make for an entertaining read, but also enhance anyone's ability to focus on the main goal when everything else has gone wrong—survival.
Some scientists now consider that the effects of global dimming have masked the effect of global warming to some extent and that resolving global dimming may therefore lead to increases in predictions of future temperature rise. According to Beate Liepert, "We lived in a global warming plus a global dimming world and now we are taking out global dimming. So we end up with the global warming world, which will be much worse than we thought it will be, much hotter." The magnitude of this masking effect is one of the central problems in climate change with significant implications for future climate changes and policy responses to global warming.
Current sea level rise is occurring at a rate of around 1.8 mm per year for the past century, mainly as a result of of what many state as human-induced global warming.
This rate is increasing; measurements from the period 1993–2003 indicated a mean rate of 3.1 mm/year. Global warming will continue to increase sea level over at least the coming century. Increasing temperatures result in sea level rise by the thermal expansion of water and through the addition of water to the oceans from the melting of continental ice sheets. Thermal expansion, which is well-quantified, is currently the primary contributor to sea level rise and is expected to be the primary contributor over the course of the next century. Glacial contributions to sea-level rise are less important, and are more difficult to predict and quantify. Values for predicted sea level rise over the course of the next century typically range from 90 to 880 mm, with a central value of 480 mm. Based on an analog to the deglaciation of North America at 9000 years before present, some scientists predict sea level rise of 1.3 meters in the next century. However, models of glacial flow in the smaller present-day ice sheets show that a probable maximum value for sea level rise in the next century is 80 centimeters, based on limitations on how quickly ice can flow below the equilibrium line altitude and to the sea. New projections in sea-level rise even prompted the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) Year Book 2009 to warn that important tipping points leading to irreversible changes in major earth systems "may already have been reached or passed"
Global Cooling - Global Warming - The Coming Ice Age
Ice Age a new ice age would end most human habitation of Canada, northern Europe, the northern U.S. and Russia, but the tropics would stay basically untouched. Also sea level drop.
The general term "ice age" or, more precisely, "glacial age" denotes a geological period of long-term reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in an expansion of continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Within a long-term ice age, individual pulses of extra cold climate are termed "glaciations". Glaciologically, ice age implies the presence of extensive ice sheets in the northern and southern hemispheres; by this definition we are still in an ice age (because the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets still exist).
Global Warming – or – Global cooling? This January 2007 History Channel ‘Megafreeze’ documentary depicts a possible 'mini' ice age scenario just around the corner – hardly ‘global warming’. A growing number of free thinking climate scientists engaged in studying the sun's ‘global warming’ activities (the sun is 99.98% of the mass of the solar system) are growing increasingly sceptical about the ‘Global Warming’ rhetoric of politicians. The 'global warming' phrase it seems has been used to directly mislead the public into an intellectual acceptance of 'carbon taxation'. However as the ‘global warming’ scenario like the one portrayed here shows - ‘lying’ is really the only ethical option open to Governments - whose pronouncements govern the forward flow of time and history. ‘Global Warming’ sounds a lot better than ‘Global Cooling’ – which publicly pronounced would collapse northern hemisphere based stock markets in a matter of days. What this overly dramatic ‘Global Warming’ documentary does is tell it like it is likely to be. Ten years is one time frame mentioned in the film but some scientists are talking about 3-5 years. The phrase 'global warming' will, in under 2-3 years be patently obsolete in the northern latitudes at least. Is it helpful to over dramatise potentially real ‘global warming’ scenarios as this work does? Does this approach reduce the likely-hood of rational and informed scientific debate about the subject? Will the ‘tipping point’ about ‘global warming’ come in time for our species to re-organise it’s activities – or will it just be that we lose the ability to feed more than half of the planet’s population in under ten years. Doom and Gloom? A wake up call? Business as usual? You decide – good luck!
43:53 - Feb 24, 2007 - 2 years ago - Global Warming – or – Global cooling? This January 2007 History Channel ‘Megafreeze’ documentary depicts a possible 'mini' ice age scenario just around the corner ...
When speaking of the last few million years, "the" ice age refers to the most recent colder period (or freezing period) with extensive ice sheets over the North American and Eurasian continents: in this sense, the most recent ice age peaked, in its Last Glacial Maximum about 20,000 years ago.
There have been at least four major ice ages in the Earth's past. Outside these periods, the Earth seems to have been ice-free even in high latitudes.
The earliest hypothesized ice age, called the Huronian, was around 2.7 to 2.3 billion years ago during the early Proterozoic Eon.
The earliest well-documented ice age, and probably the most severe of the last 1 billion years, occurred from 850 to 630 million years ago (the Cryogenian period) and may have produced a Snowball Earth in which permanent ice covered the entire globe and was ended by the effects of the accumulation of greenhouse gases such as CO2 produced by volcanoes. "The presence of ice on the continents and pack ice on the oceans would inhibit both silicate weathering and photosynthesis, which are the two major sinks for CO2 at present." It has been suggested that the end of this ice age was responsible for the subsequent Ediacaran and Cambrian Explosion, though this theory is recent and controversial.
Sediment records showing the fluctuating sequences of glacials and interglacials during the last several million years.
A minor ice age, the Andean-Saharan, occurred from 460 to 430 million years ago, during the Late Ordovician and the Silurian period. There were extensive polar ice caps at intervals from 350 to 260 million years ago, during the Carboniferous and early Permian Periods, associated with the Karoo Ice Age.
While an ice sheet on Antarctica began to grow some 20 million years ago, the current ice age is said to have started about 2.58 million years ago. During the late Pliocene the spread of ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere began. Since then, the world has seen cycles of glaciation with ice sheets advancing and retreating on 40,000- and 100,000-year time scales called glacials (glacial advance) and interglacials (glacial retreat). The earth is currently in an interglacial, and the last glacial period ended about 10,000 years ago. All that remains of the continental ice sheets are the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets.
Ice ages can be further divided by location and time; for example, the names Riss (180,000–130,000 years bp) and Würm (70,000–10,000 years bp) refer specifically to glaciation in the Alpine region. Note that the maximum extent of the ice is not maintained for the full interval. Unfortunately, the scouring action of each glaciation tends to remove most of the evidence of prior ice sheets almost completely, except in regions where the later sheet does not achieve full coverage. It is possible that glacial periods other than those above, especially in the Precambrian, have been overlooked because of scarcity of exposed rocks from high latitudes from older periods.
There is evidence that greenhouse gas levels fell at the start of ice ages and rose during the retreat of the ice sheets, but it is difficult to establish cause and effect (see the notes above on the role of weathering). Greenhouse gas levels may also have been affected by other factors which have been proposed as causes of ice ages, such as the movement of continents and vulcanism.
Global warming is and wi8ll be a problem for many people who live in low-lying coastal areas and at the edges of deserts, but the truth is that Earth been much warmer throughout most of the past 500 million years, and life did just fine.
43:59 - Apr 21, 2007 - 1 year ago - cause of global warming. It clearly discuss about the fact that CO2 is not cause of global warming. Take a look also at the Great Global Warming Swindle ... cause of global warming.
Volcanic Eruptions
Massive volcanic eruptions: An alternate theory for the low, flat, featureless Martian northern hemisphere is that huge lava flows simply erased any previous features. Volcanism
It is theoretically possible that undersea volcanoes could end an ice age by causing global warming. One suggested explanation of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum is that undersea volcanoes released methane from clathrates and thus caused a large and rapid increase in the greenhouse effect. There appears to be no geological evidence for such eruptions at the right time, but this does not prove they did not happen.
It is challenging to see how volcanism could cause an ice age, since its cooling effects would have to be stronger than and to outlast its warming effects. This would require dust and aerosol clouds which would stay in the upper atmosphere blocking the sun for thousands of years, which seems very unlikely. Undersea volcanoes could not produce this effect because the dust and aerosols would be absorbed by the sea before they reached the atmosphere.
06:57 - Sep 22, 2008 - 5 months ago - metacafe.com Amazing videos from Mount Etna and an expert speaks about his adventures ...volcano Diethelm Etna Sicily interview adventures fire lava.
Similarly, there's good evidence that the dinosaurs back on Earth were killed not by an asteroid, but instead, or additionally, by enormous eruptions in what now is India.
Even moderate eruptions, which kick up huge amounts of soot and dust, blocking sunlight, can have climatic effects. The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines significantly cooled the planet in 1991-92, as did Indonesia's Krakatoa in 1883.
More effective was Mount Tambora on the other end of Java in 1815, which cooled things so much that Europeans called 1816 "the year without a summer" — it snowed in June, and summer frosts killed crops across the Northern Hemisphere.
Moving up the scale, the Mount Toba supervolcanic eruption in Sumatra 75,000 years ago may have cooled the planet enough to force the early human population through a genetic "bottleneck" as most people died, leaving the few survivors to repopulate the world.
And the Yellowstone supervolcano. Yellowstone National Park sits atop a massive magma chamber that scientist believe will take out most of the people living between the Rockies and the Appalachians next time it erupts, which could literally be any day now.
Celebrate the 260 day Mayan calendar and the 360 day calendar! Olmec, Aztec and the Maya human beings used this calendar before they were conquered. This is a spiritual calendar showing the sequence of energies which are "day." See for yourself.
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